Introduction:
Basic causes of child labor are as follow:
- Primary causes
- Cultural causes
- Macroeconomic causes
Primary causes
International shows Labour Organization (ILO) Poverty is the main reason behind child labor. For poor households, child labor, income or family is often critical to their survival. Working children, however small, the income may be between 25 and 40 percent of household income. Harsch Africa on global child labor child labor, and Edmonds and Pavcnik other scholars have reached the same conclusion.
As the shortage of schools and quality education, affordable alternative drives for children hand harmful work, the ILO is a key factor. Children work because they have nothing better to do. Generally between 60 and 70 per cent of child labor, where many communities, especially in rural areas, do not have enough schools. Even when schools are sometimes available, they are many times inaccessible, is an ability or quality of education is so poor that parents really wonder whether to go to school.
Cultural causes
Child labor was common to Europe's history, and the contemporary modern world child labor, child labor is reasonably certain cultural beliefs and therefore encouraged. The view that work is good for the development of children's character and skill. In many cultures, especially the informal economy and small businesses when deciding home destinations, follow the children's cultural heritage in the footsteps of their parents, the learning child labor and at a very early age one way is to practice the trade. Similarly, many less valuable to education for girls in cultures not expect to need formal education for girls, and girls working as domestic supply of services, pushed the baby.
Macroeconomic cause
Biggeri and Mehrotra studied macroeconomic factors that encourage child labor is induced. Their study focused on five Asian countries, including India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Thailand and Philippines. They suggest that child labor is a serious problem in all five, but it is not a new problem. Economic reasons most of human history, encourage labor massive children around the world. They suggest that child labor is both demand and supply factors. Poverty and lack of availability of good schools to explain the supply of child labor, minimum wage is one of the reasons suggest that demand growth in the informal economy pay more than the informal economy. Other researchers suggest that the inflexible labor market, informal economy sise, and advanced manufacturing technology to expand the industry's inability to lack of important economic factors affecting demand and acceptance of child labor.
